I took a quick portrait of a very hairy caterpillar before it was subjected to ballistic relocation.
The very beautiful and fluffy looking spines are defensive weapons.
DO NOT TOUCH these caterpillars, some are venomous while others merely stab into the skin an break off, in either case you'll likely have a very painful reaction which can last days.
This individual was found in Japan, but similar caterpillars can be found worldwide!